Which of the Following Statements About the American Family Is False?

Family support system involving two married individuals supporting their offspring

"American family" redirects here. For other uses, see American Family unit.

An American family unit composed of the mother, male parent, children, and extended family

The traditional family structure in the United States is considered a family unit support system involving two married individuals providing intendance and stability for their biological offspring. However, this two-parent, heterosexual, nuclear family has go less prevalent, and nontraditional family forms have go more common.^[2] The family is created at birth and establishes ties across generations.^[3] Those generations, the extended family of aunts and uncles, grandparents, and cousins, tin can hold significant emotional and economical roles for the nuclear family unit.

Over time, the construction has had to suit to very influential changes, including divorce and more single-parent families, teenage pregnancy and unwed mothers, aforementioned-sex activity marriage, and increased interest in adoption. Social movements such equally the feminist movement and the stay-at-home father have contributed to the creation of alternative family forms, generating new versions of the American family unit.

At a glance [edit]

Nuclear family [edit]

The Comos at home c. 1955. On the sofa are his older son Ronnie and wife Roselle. In the chair with her doll is his daughter, Terri, and reading on the flooring are son David and his Dad.

Marriages, Families & Intimate Relationships, 1970–2000

The nuclear family has been considered the "traditional" family structure since the Soviet Wedlock scare in the cold state of war of the 1950s. The nuclear family consists of a mother, father, and the children. The two-parent nuclear family has go less prevalent, and pre-American and European family forms have go more than mutual.^[2] Beginning in the 1970s in the United States, the structure of the "traditional" nuclear American family began to change. Information technology was the women in the households that began to brand this change. They decided to begin careers outside of the home and non live according to the male figures in their lives.^[4]

These include same-sex relationships, single-parent households, adopting individuals, and extended family systems living together. The nuclear family is likewise having fewer children than in the by.^[v] The percentage of nuclear-family households is approximately half what it was at its peak in the centre of the 20th century.^{[half dozen]} The percentage of married-couple households with children under xviii, simply without other family members (such as grandparents), has declined to 23.5% of all households in 2000 from 25.half-dozen% in 1990, and from 45% in 1960. In November 2016, the Electric current Population Survey of the United States Census Bureau reported that 69 percentage of children nether the age of 18 lived with ii parents, which was a decline from 88 pct in 1960.^[seven]

Unmarried parent [edit]

Female parent with her children.

A single parent (too termed lonely parent or sole parent) is a parent who cares for one or more children without the assistance of the other biological parent. Historically, single-parent families often resulted from death of a spouse, for example in childbirth. This term is can exist broken downwards into 2 types: sole parent and co-parent. A sole parent is managing all of the responsibilities of child-rearing on their own without financial or emotional aid. A sole parent can be a product of abandonment or decease of the other parent or tin can be a unmarried adoption or artificial insemination. A co-parent is someone who still gets some type of assistance with the child/children. Single-parent homes are increasing as married couples divorce, or as unmarried couples take children. Although widely believed to be detrimental to the mental and physical well being of a child, this type of household is tolerated.^[8]

The percentage of single-parent households has doubled in the last three decades, but that percentage tripled betwixt 1900 and 1950.^[9] The sense of marriage as a "permanent" institution has been weakened, allowing individuals to consider leaving marriages more than readily than they may have in the past.^[10] Increasingly, single-parent families are due to out of wedlock births, especially those due to unintended pregnancy. From 1960 to 2016, the per centum of U.S. children under eighteen living with ane parent increased from ix percent (8 percentage with mothers, i percent with fathers) to 27 percent (23 percent with mothers, iv percent with fathers).^[7]

Stepfamilies [edit]

Stepfamilies are becoming more familiar in America. Divorce rates are rising and the remarriage rate is ascension also, therefore, bringing ii families together making stepfamilies. Statistics show that there are 1,300 new stepfamilies forming every day. Over one-half of American families are remarried, that is 75% of marriages ending in divorce, remarry.^[11]

Extended family [edit]

The extended family consists of grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins. In some circumstances, the extended family unit comes to alive either with or in place of a member of the nuclear family unit. An instance includes elderly parents who motility in with their children due to old age. This places large demands on the caregivers, particularly the female person relatives who choose to perform these duties for their extended family.^[12]

Historically, amongst certain Asian and Native American cultures, the family unit structure consisted of a grandmother and her children, specially daughters, who raised their own children together and shared child care responsibilities. Uncles, brothers, and other male relatives sometimes helped out. Romantic relationships between men and women were formed and dissolved with little affect on the children who remained in the female parent'south extended family.

Roles and relationships [edit]

Married partners [edit]

Maxim grace before carving the turkey at Thanksgiving dinner in the dwelling of Earle Landis in Neffsville, Pennsylvania.

A married couple was defined every bit a "husband and married woman enumerated as members of the same household" by the U.S. Demography Bureau,^[13] merely they will be categorizing same-sexual practice couples equally married couples if they are married. Aforementioned-sexual activity couples who were married were previously recognized by the Demography Bureau every bit single partners.^[fourteen] Aforementioned-sex marriage is legally permitted across the country since June 26, 2015, when the Supreme Court issued its decision in Obergefell v. Hodges. Polygamy is illegal throughout the U.S.^[15]

Although cousin marriages are illegal in most states, they are legal in many states, the District of Columbia and some territories. Some states take some restrictions or exceptions for cousin marriages and/or recognize such marriages performed out-of-country. Since the 1940s, the Us marriage rate has decreased, whereas rates of divorce have increased.^[xvi]

Unwed partners [edit]

Living every bit unwed partners is likewise known as cohabitation. The number of heterosexual single couples in the U.s.a. has increased tenfold, from about 400,000 in 1960 to more five million in 2005.^[17] This number would increase by at least another 594,000 if aforementioned-sex partners were included.^[17] Of all unmarried couples, about one in 9 (11.1% of all single-partner households) are homosexual.^[17]

The cohabitation lifestyle is becoming more popular in today's generation.^[xviii] Information technology is more convenient for couples not to go married considering it can be cheaper and simpler. As divorce rates ascension in society, the desire to get married is less attractive for couples uncertain of their long-term plans.^[17]

Parents [edit]

A new father holds his child for the offset time in Loretto Hospital, New Ulm, Minnesota.

Parents tin can be either the biological mother or biological father, or the legal guardian for adopted children. Traditionally, mothers were responsible for raising the kids while the begetter was out providing financially for the family. The age group for parents ranges from teenage parents to grandparents who take decided to raise their grandchildren, with teenage pregnancies fluctuating based on race and culture.^[19] Older parents are financially established and generally take fewer issues raising children compared to their teenage counterparts.^[twenty] In 2013, the highest teenage birth rate was in Alabama, and the lowest in Wyoming.^{[21] [22]}

Housewives [edit]

A housewife or "homemaker" is a married woman who is not employed exterior the home to earn income, simply stays at home and takes care of the dwelling and children. This includes doing common chores such every bit cooking, washing, cleaning, etc. The roles of women working within the house have inverse drastically as more women outset to pursue careers. The amount of time women spend doing housework declined from 27 hours per week in 1965, to less than xvi hours in 1995, but information technology is still essentially more housework than their male partners.^[23]

"Breadwinners" [edit]

A breadwinner is the main fiscal provider in the family. Historically the hubby has been the breadwinner; that trend is changing as wives start to take advantage of the women's movement to gain financial independence for themselves. According to The New York Times, "In 2001, wives earned more than than their spouses in almost a 3rd of married households where the wife worked."^[24]

Stay-at-home dads [edit]

Stay-at-home dads or "househusbands" are fathers that do not participate in the workforce and stay at abode to heighten their children—the male equivalent to housewives. Stay-at-home dads are not as popular in American guild.^[25] According to the U.S. Census Bureau, "There are an estimated 105,000 'stay-at-home' dads. These are married fathers with children under xv years of age who are not in the workforce primarily then they tin can treat family members, while their wives work for a living outside the home. Stay-at-domicile dads care for 189,000 children."^[26]

Children [edit]

Only child families [edit]

An but kid (single child) is i without whatever biological or adopted brothers or sisters. Only children often perform ameliorate in school and in their careers than children with siblings.^[23]

Childfree and childlessness [edit]

Childfree couples choose to not have children. These include young couples, who plan to have children afterward, as well as those who do not programme to accept any children. Involuntary childlessness may be acquired past infertility, medical issues, death of a child, or other factors.

Adopted children [edit]

Adopted children are children that were given up at nativity, abased or were unable to be cared for past their biological parents. They may take been put into foster intendance before finding their permanent residence. It is specially difficult^{[ clarification needed ]} for adopted children to get adopted from foster care: 50,000 children were adopted in 2001.^[27] The average age of these children was 7,^{[ clarification needed ]} which shows that fewer older children were adopted.^[27]

Modern family models [edit]

Aforementioned-sex activity marriage, adoption, and kid rearing [edit]

Same-sex parents are gay, lesbian, or bisexual couples that choose to enhance children. Nationally, 66% of female person same-sexual practice couples and 44% of male same-sex couples live with children under eighteen years former.^[25] In the 2000 United States Census, there were 594,000 households that claimed to exist headed by same-sexual activity couples, with 72% of those having children.^[28] In July 2004, the American Psychological Association ended that "Overall results of research suggests that the development, adjustment, and well-being of children with lesbian and gay and bisexual parents do not differ markedly from that of children with heterosexual parents."^[29]

Single-parent households [edit]

Single-parent homes in America are increasingly common. With more children being born to unmarried couples and to couples whose marriages subsequently dissolve, more children alive with just ane parent. The proportion of children living with a never-married parent has grown, from iv% in 1960 to 42% in 2001.^[30] Of all single-parent families, 83% are mother-kid families.^[30]

Adoption requirements [edit]

The adoption requirements and policies for adopting children have made information technology harder for foster families and potential adoptive families to adopt. Before a family tin adopt, they must become through the state, canton, and agency criteria. Adoption agencies' criteria limited the importance of historic period of the adoptive parents, as well as the agency's want for married couples over unmarried adopters.^[31] Adoptive parents likewise have to deal with criteria that are given by the birth parents of the adoptive child. The different criteria for adopting children makes information technology harder for couples to prefer children in need,^[31] but the strict requirements tin assistance protect the foster children from unqualified couples.^[31]

Currently 1,500,000 (ii% of all U.South children) are adopted. There are dissimilar types of adoption; embryo adoption when a couple is having trouble conceiving a kid and instead cull to prefer an embryo that was created using another couple's sperm and egg conjoined outside the womb, this often occurs with leftover embryos from another couple's successful IVF cycle. international adoption where couples adopt children that come from foreign countries, and private adoption which is the most mutual form of adoption. In a private adoption, families can adopt children via licensed agencies or by direct contacting the child'south biological parents.

Male/female function pressures [edit]

The traditional "father" and "mother" roles of the nuclear family have become blurred over time. Because of the women'south movement's push for women to appoint in traditionally masculine pursuits in society, as women cull to sacrifice their child-begetting years to institute their careers, and as fathers experience increasing force per unit area, as well every bit want, to exist involved with tending to children, the traditional roles of fathers as the "breadwinners" and mothers as the "caretakers" have come up into question.^[32]

African-American family structure [edit]

The family structure of African-Americans has long been a matter of national public policy interest.^[33] The 1965 written report by Daniel Patrick Moynihan, known as The Moynihan Report, examined the link betwixt black poverty and family structure.^[33] Information technology hypothesized that the destruction of the Black nuclear family unit structure would hinder further progress toward economic and political equality.^[33]

When Moynihan wrote in 1965 on the coming destruction of the Blackness family, the out-of-wedlock birthrate was 25% amongst Blacks.^[34] In 1991, 68% of Black children were born outside of marriage.^[35] In 2011, 72% of Black babies were born to unwed mothers.^{[36] [37]}

Boob tube portrayals [edit]

The tv industry initially helped create a stereotype of the American nuclear family. During the era of the babe boomers, families became a popular social topic, especially on television.^[38] Family shows such equally Roseanne, All in the Family, Get out Information technology to Beaver, The Cosby Show, Married... with Children, The Jeffersons, and Proficient Times, Everybody Loves Raymond accept portrayed different social classes of families growing upwards in America. Those "perfect" nuclear families have changed as the years passed and have become more inclusive, showing single-parent and divorced families, as well every bit older singles.^[8] Television shows that show single-parent families include One-half & Half, I on One, White potato Brownish, and Gilmore Girls.

While it did not get a mutual occurrence the iconic paradigm of the American family was started in the early on-1930s. It was not until WWII that families generally had the economical income in which to successfully propagate this lifestyle.^[39]

See besides [edit]

• Anti-miscegenation laws in the United States
• Divorce in the United States
• Work–family unit rest in the U.s.a.

International:

• Japanese family unit construction

Further reading [edit]

• Mattox, William R. Jr., "America'due south family time famine", Children Today, November-Dec, 1990

References [edit]

1. ^ *Grove, Robert D.; Hetzel, Alice K. (1968). Vital Statistics Rates in the United States 1940-1960 (PDF) (Report). Public Health Service Publication. Vol. 1677. U.Due south. Department of Health, Pedagogy, and Welfare, U.Southward. Public Health Service, National Center for Health Statistics. p. 185.
   • Ventura, Stephanie J.; Bachrach, Christine A. (October xviii, 2000). Nonmarital Childbearing in the Us, 1940-99 (PDF) (Study). National Vital Statistics Reports. Vol. 48. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics Organization. pp. 28–31.
   • Martin, Joyce A.; Hamilton, Brady Due east.; Ventura, Stephanie J.; Menacker, Fay; Park, Melissa M. (February 12, 2002). Births: Concluding Data for 2000 (PDF) (Written report). National Vital Statistics Reports. Vol. 50. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics System. p. 46.
   • Martin, Joyce A.; Hamilton, Brady E.; Ventura, Stephanie J.; Menacker, Fay; Park, Melissa M.; Sutton, Paul D. (Dec 18, 2002). Births: Final Data for 2001 (PDF) (Report). National Vital Statistics Reports. Vol. 51. Centers for Affliction Control and Prevention, National Center for Wellness Statistics, National Vital Statistics System. p. 47.
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   • Martin, Joyce A.; Hamilton, Brady E.; Sutton, Paul D.; Ventura, Stephanie J.; Menacker, Fay; Munson, Martha L. (September 8, 2005). Births: Final Information for 2003 (PDF) (Report). National Vital Statistics Reports. Vol. 54. Centers for Illness Command and Prevention, National Heart for Wellness Statistics, National Vital Statistics Organization. p. 52.
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   • Martin, Joyce A.; Hamilton, Brady E.; Ventura, Stephanie J.; Osterman, Michelle J.K.; Kirmeyer, Sharon; Mathews, T.J.; Wilson, Elizabeth C. (Nov 3, 2011). Births: Final Data for 2009 (PDF) (Report). National Vital Statistics Reports. Vol. lx. Centers for Illness Control and Prevention, National Center for Wellness Statistics, National Vital Statistics System. p. 46.
   • Martin, Joyce A.; Hamilton, Brady E.; Ventura, Stephanie J.; Osterman, Michelle J.One thousand.; Wilson, Elizabeth C.; Mathews, T.J. (August 28, 2012). Births: Terminal Information for 2010 (PDF) (Report). National Vital Statistics Reports. Vol. 61. Centers for Disease Command and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics System. p. 45.
   • Martin, Joyce A.; Hamilton, Brady E.; Ventura, Stephanie J.; Osterman, Michelle J.K.; Mathews, T.J. (June 28, 2013). Births: Final Data for 2011 (PDF) (Report). National Vital Statistics Reports. Vol. 62. Centers for Disease Command and Prevention, National Center for Wellness Statistics, National Vital Statistics Organisation. p. 43.
   • Martin, Joyce A.; Hamilton, Brady E.; Osterman, Michelle J.K.; Curtin, Sally C. (Dec 30, 2013). Births: Final Data for 2012 (PDF) (Study). National Vital Statistics Reports. Vol. 62. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Middle for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics System. p. 41.
   • Martin, Joyce A.; Hamilton, Brady Due east.; Osterman, Michelle J.G.; Curtin, Emerge C.; Mathews, T.J. (January 15, 2015). Births: Final Data for 2013 (PDF) (Report). National Vital Statistics Reports. Vol. 64. Centers for Affliction Command and Prevention, National Heart for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics System. p. xl.
   • Hamilton, Brady E.; Martin, Joyce A.; Osterman, Michelle J.Grand.; Curtin, Emerge C.; Mathews, T.J. (December 23, 2015). Births: Terminal Data for 2014 (PDF) (Report). National Vital Statistics Reports. Vol. 64. Centers for Disease Command and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics Organisation. pp. 7 & 41.
2. ^ ^{a b} Edwards, H.Northward. (1987). Irresolute family structure and youthful well-existence. Journal of Family Issues 8, 355–372
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External links [edit]

• Single Parent Statistics
• Aforementioned Sexual activity Spousal relationship, Civil Unions and Domestic Partnerships
• The Dilemma of the Simply Kid
• Adoption Statistics
• Stepfamily Statistics

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_structure_in_the_United_States

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